Brownsville, TX Census Data
The 18th largest city in Texas by population · 74 cities ranked
Brownsville is the 18th largest city in Texas by population and ranks 73rd of 74 for median household income. With 188,023 residents, its poverty rate of 24.9% ranks among the higher rates in Texas. This snapshot draws from the 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates.
Updated: 2026-04-13 · Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2023
Population
188,023
48.2% male · 51.8% female
Median Age
30.9
7.8 below the national average (38.7 yrs)
Median Household Income
$48,675
$29,863 below the national average ($78,538)
Bachelor's Degree or Higher
22.3%
12.7% below the national average (35.0%)
HS diploma or higher: 70.8%
Poverty Rate
24.9%
12.5% above the national average (12.4%)
Uninsured: 28.6%
Broadband Access
89.2%
0.5% below the national average (89.7%)
Median Home Value
$122,400
Median rent: $906 · 60% owner-occupied
Unemployment Rate
6.1%
Labor force participation: 55.5%
Per Capita Income
$29,392
Individual average income (not household)
Veteran Population
2.7%
Disability rate: 10.7%
How Brownsville Compares to Other Texas Cities
Rankings among all 74 Texas cities tracked in the 2023 ACS.
| Ranking | Position | Tier |
|---|---|---|
| Largest by Population | 18th of 74 | Top 25% |
| Highest Median Income | 73rd of 74 | Bottom 25% |
| Lowest Poverty Rate | 69th of 74 | Bottom 25% |
| Highest Bachelor's Attainment | 63rd of 74 | Bottom 25% |
| Highest Home Value | 72nd of 74 | Bottom 25% |
Demographics
Race & Ethnicity
Age Distribution
Commute to Work
Brownsville, TX Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Brownsville, TX?
The population of Brownsville, TX is 188,023 according to the 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. The median age is 30.9 years.
What is the median household income in Brownsville?
The median household income in Brownsville, TX is $48,675, below the national average of $78,538. Per capita income is $29,392.
What is the poverty rate in Brownsville?
The poverty rate in Brownsville, TX is 24.9%, compared to the national average of 12.4%. About 28.6% of residents lack health insurance.
What percentage of Brownsville residents have a college degree?
22.3% of adults (25+) in Brownsville hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 70.8% have at least a high school diploma. The national average for bachelor's degree holders is 35.0%.
What is the median home value in Brownsville?
The median home value in Brownsville, TX is $122,400. Median rent is $906 per month, with 60% of housing units owner-occupied.
What is the racial makeup of Brownsville?
Brownsville's population is 45.5% White, 0.3% Black, 94.2% Hispanic or Latino, and 0.8% Asian (source: 2023 ACS).
How does Brownsville rank among Texas cities?
Brownsville is the 18th largest city in Texas by population, the 73rd highest for median household income, the 69th lowest for poverty rate, the 63rd highest for bachelor's degree attainment among 74 ranked Texas cities.
What is the unemployment rate in Brownsville?
The unemployment rate in Brownsville, TX is 6.1%, with a labor force participation rate of 55.5%. Per capita income is $29,392.
Cities Similar to Brownsville
Other Texas cities with comparable population and income levels.