Rochester, MN Census Data
The 3rd largest city in Minnesota by population · 19 cities ranked
Rochester is the 3rd largest city in Minnesota by population and ranks 12th of 19 for median household income. With 121,638 residents, its poverty rate of 9.1% ranks among the higher rates in Minnesota. This snapshot draws from the 2023 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates.
Updated: 2026-04-13 · Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2023
Population
121,638
48.6% male · 51.4% female
Median Age
36.4
2.3 below the national average (38.7 yrs)
Median Household Income
$87,767
$9,229 above the national average ($78,538)
Bachelor's Degree or Higher
50.1%
15.1% above the national average (35.0%)
HS diploma or higher: 94.5%
Poverty Rate
9.1%
3.3% below the national average (12.4%)
Uninsured: 4.3%
Broadband Access
96.2%
6.5% above the national average (89.7%)
Median Home Value
$287,500
Median rent: $1,316 · 65% owner-occupied
Unemployment Rate
3.8%
Labor force participation: 67.9%
Per Capita Income
$52,924
Individual average income (not household)
Veteran Population
5.6%
Disability rate: 10.1%
How Rochester Compares to Other Minnesota Cities
Rankings among all 19 Minnesota cities tracked in the 2023 ACS.
| Ranking | Position | Tier |
|---|---|---|
| Largest by Population | 3rd of 19 | Top 25% |
| Highest Median Income | 12th of 19 | Bottom half |
| Lowest Poverty Rate | 13th of 19 | Bottom half |
| Highest Bachelor's Attainment | 10th of 19 | Bottom half |
| Highest Home Value | 15th of 19 | Bottom 25% |
Demographics
Race & Ethnicity
Age Distribution
Commute to Work
Rochester, MN Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Rochester, MN?
The population of Rochester, MN is 121,638 according to the 2023 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. The median age is 36.4 years.
What is the median household income in Rochester?
The median household income in Rochester, MN is $87,767, above the national average of $78,538. Per capita income is $52,924.
What is the poverty rate in Rochester?
The poverty rate in Rochester, MN is 9.1%, compared to the national average of 12.4%. About 4.3% of residents lack health insurance.
What percentage of Rochester residents have a college degree?
50.1% of adults (25+) in Rochester hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 94.5% have at least a high school diploma. The national average for bachelor's degree holders is 35.0%.
What is the median home value in Rochester?
The median home value in Rochester, MN is $287,500. Median rent is $1,316 per month, with 65% of housing units owner-occupied.
What is the racial makeup of Rochester?
Rochester's population is 74.3% White, 9.4% Black, 6.2% Hispanic or Latino, and 8.0% Asian (source: 2023 ACS).
How does Rochester rank among Minnesota cities?
Rochester is the 3rd largest city in Minnesota by population, the 12th highest for median household income, the 13th lowest for poverty rate, the 10th highest for bachelor's degree attainment among 19 ranked Minnesota cities.
What is the unemployment rate in Rochester?
The unemployment rate in Rochester, MN is 3.8%, with a labor force participation rate of 67.9%. Per capita income is $52,924.
Cities Similar to Rochester
Other Minnesota cities with comparable population and income levels.