Timothy J. Barber Act

How a Bill Becomes a Law

The typical path from introduction to law. Every bill's actual journey (above) may skip steps or stop early — most never make it past committee.

1. 1
   Introduced

   A member files the bill in the House or Senate.

2. 2
   Committee Review

   Referred to committee for hearings, markup, and a vote to advance it.

   This bill is here
3. 3
   Floor Vote

   The full chamber debates and votes on passage.

4. 4
   Second Chamber

   If passed, it repeats committee review and a floor vote in the other chamber.

5. 5
   Resolve Differences

   If the chambers pass different versions, a conference reconciles them.

6. 6
   Sent to President

   The reconciled bill is enrolled and delivered to the White House.

7. 7
   Signed or Vetoed

   Becomes law with a signature, or automatically after 10 days.

   ✓ Becomes Law ✗ Vetoed

A veto can still be overridden by a two-thirds vote in both chambers. And once a bill is signed into law, further changes come from new amending legislation — not edits to the original text.